فایل EFQM مورد بررسي در شركت ايرالكو

توضیحات

فایل EFQM مورد بررسي در شركت ايرالكو
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mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>فصل اول : (كليات و
تاريخچه )
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>مقدمه............................................................................ 1
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>پيدايش آلومينيوم
............................................. 1
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 81.9pt 115.3pt 477.9pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar' lang='AR-SA'>تاريخچه تأسيس كارخانه توليد آلومينيوم ..................... 6
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>كارگاه احياء .................................................. 9
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
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........................................ 12
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>كارگاه ريخت
........................................... 14
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>كوره هاي يكنواخت
كننده ................................... 17
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>كنترل مرغوبيت
.................................................... 18
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>آزمايشگاه
...................................................... 19
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>نگهداري و تعميرات
........................................... 22
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>تأسيسات
...................................................... 22
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>يكسو كننده ( ركتي
فاير) ...................................
22
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150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>مركز پژوهش و خدمات
مهندسي .........................
24
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>شركت سهامي
آلومينيوم ايران (ايرالكو) .....................
26
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>بررسي واحد هاي
كنترل موغوبيت در مجتمع ايرالكو... 27
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt 72.9pt 115.3pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>كنترل آلودگي و فضاي
سبز .....................................
29
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> خلاصه اي از شركت در
كنفرانس مربوط به مواد آستري ................................. 30
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> موارد استفاده از
كاتد ..........................................
32
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> انواع مختلف خمير
آستري
..................................
33
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> مواد
اوليه توليدخميرسردآستركاري
............... 34
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:63.9pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>فصل دوم : (مباني نظري)
<span style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>روشها و فلسفه كنترل فرايند آماري ............ 35
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نقش
انحرافات تصادفي و با دليل در تغييرپذيزي كيفيت 37
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> اصول آماري نمودار كنترل
................................. 39
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> انتخاب
حدود كنترل
......................... 42
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> حدود هشدار در نمودارهاي كنترل
.............. 44
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> زير گروه
هاي منطقي
...................................... 45
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> خلاصه اي
از قوانين حساس سازي نمودارهاي كنترل 48
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> ساير
ابزار هفت گانة عالي
................ 51
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
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كنترل ...............51
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
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پاراتو
...........52
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نمودار
علت و معلول
..................... 52
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نمودار
تمركز نقصها ........................... 54
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نمودار پراكندگي
........................ 55
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font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> پياده سازي <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Zar'>SPC<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar' lang='AR-SA'>
................................... 56
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> يك كاربرد <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Zar'>SPC<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar' lang='AR-SA'>
.......................... 64
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> كاربرد غير توليدي كنترل فرايند آماري
........ 65
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نمودار هاي كنترل براي مشخصه هاي وصفي و
مباني <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Zar'>EFQM<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>
.......... ............. 73
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
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15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>فصل سوم : (<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar' lang='AR-SA'>بررسي وضع موجود<span style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>)
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> مقدمه
..........<span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>103
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> تاريخچه
تدوين استانداردها ..........
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>104
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> بخش هاي اصلي در نمودار هاي سازماني
....... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>105
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> تجزيه وتحليل نمودار اصلي سازماني (جديد)
........ <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>111
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> تحليل
نمودار سازماني جديد
...................... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>121
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:41.9pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>فصل چهارم : (<span style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar' lang='AR-SA'>تجزيه و تحليل وضع موجود<span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>)
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> <span style='mso-tab-count:
2'> مقدمه
....................................................... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>124
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> مسئوليت هاي و اختيارات رئيس واحد تشكيلات
روشها <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>125
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> تعريف پست
................................... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>128
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> پنج الگوي كارسازي ...................... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>131
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> عناوين اهداف كيفي كوتاه مدت در سال 81
.......... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>134
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> عناوين
اهداف كيفي كوتاه مدت در سال 82 ..... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>136
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> تعيين كيفيت ايرالكو
....................... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>138
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%;tab-stops:41.9pt' align='center'><span style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'>فصل پنجم : (ارائه پيشنهادات )
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> مقدمه
.................. <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>141
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> مراحل اصلي نظام پيشنهادات
................. <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>144
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> ارائه پيشنهادات
.............................. <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>144
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> ارزيابي
.......................................
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>146
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> ويژگي هاي يك سيستم موفق پيشنهادها
............. <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>150
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> روند تحولات ساختار تشكيلات
................<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>
151
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> راهبرهايي براي آينده كشور
...................<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>152
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> راهبرهايي براي آينده ساختار تشكيلات
.......... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>152
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نتيجه
گيري
....................................
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>154
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar' lang='AR-SA'> نظر كار آموز در مورد شركت ايرالكو
........... <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>155<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Zar' lang='FA'> <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Zar;mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> منابع
....................................158
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
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<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:21.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:19.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial' lang='AR-SA'>مقدمه
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>پس از پيروزي
انقلاب اسلامي ايران ، به منظور گسستن زنجير وابستگي و گام نهادن در خطوط كلي
استقلال و خود كفائي صنعتي اقدامات موثر در جهت كاهش مصرف مصنوعات وارداتي و
افزايش توان توليدي به عمل آمده است . در اين رابطه مي توان به يكي از با ارزش و
در حال تكوين يعني صنعت آلومينيوم كه نقش مهم و موثري از نظر اقتصادي و صنعتي ايفا
مي كند اشاره نمود . ارزش و مقام آلومينيوم و آلياژهاي آن از نظر مقدار توليد و
مصرف آن در صنايع گوناگون به خاطر خواص فيزيكي ، مكانيكي و شيميايي منحصر به فردش
بر كسي پو شيده نيست . در اينجا به منظور آشنايي با اين صنعت و كارخانه توليد
آلومينيوم اراك ، مرحل مختلف توليد از آغاز تا بدست آمدن محصول ، بطور خلاصه تشريح
مي گردد .
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:20.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial' lang='AR-SA'>پيدايش آلومينيوم
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>اولين بار در حدود <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>2500<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> سال پيش
ماده اي به فرمول <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>12H2O
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>و <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>KAL (SO4)
2<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:
"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:
bold' lang='AR-SA'> كه تركيبي از سولفات آلومينيوم
ميباشد كشف و مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و از طرف <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;
line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>PLINIUS
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:
"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:
bold' lang='AR-SA'> نويسنده رومي بنام <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;
line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>ALUME
<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:
"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:
bold' lang='AR-SA'> نامگذاري گرديد . به طور كلي عنصر آلومينيوم
حدود <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;
line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>8<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold'> درصد پوسته زمين را تشكيل مي دهد و به علت ميل تركيبي شديد با اكسيژن ،
اين فلز بصورت خالص در طبيعت يافت نمي شود . سال <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>1886<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> را مي
توان آغاز پيشرفت صنعت آلومينيم دانست زيرا در اين سال دانشمند فرانسوي <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>PAUL HERAULT <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> و دانشمند آمريكايي <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>MARTIN HALL <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> هر يك مستقل و در يك زمان
موفق شدند از طريق الكتروليز اكسيد آلومينيوم در كريوليت مذابه آلومينيوم توليد
نمايند كه اين روش تاكنون نيز ادامه دارد . كريوليت ماده است كه بطور طبيعي در
معادن كشور گروئلند يافت مي شود . امروزه براي تهيه اكسيد آلومينيوم كه نام صنعتي
آن آلومينا است از بو كسيت كه سنگي است معدني استفاده مي گردد . اين سنگ اولين بار
توسط دانشمند فرانسوي <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>BERTHIER <span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> در نزديكي شهر <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>LES BAUX <span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> در جنوب فرانسه كشف و بدان
جهت بوكسيت ناميده شده سنگ بوكسيت تركيبي از هيد رو كسيد آلومينيوم ، اكسيد و يا
هيدروكسيد آهن ، اكسيد تيتانيم و مقداري سيليكات هاي آلومينيوم است . اين سنگ در
اثر فرسايش هاي شيميايي سنگهاي اوليه در دورانهاي مختلف جهان بوجود آمده است .
ذخاير بوكسيت كشف شده در جهان عبارتند از:
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>اروپا : <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>680<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> ميليون تن
در كشورهاي فرانسه ، يونان ، ايتاليا ، يو
گسلاوي ، مجارستان و روماني
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>آسيا : <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>670<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> ميليون تن
در كشورهاي چين ، هندوستان ، اندونزي و
مالايا .
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>آفريقا : <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>1370<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> ميليوم تن
در كشورهاي گينه ، كنيا ، موزامبيك و نيوزلند .
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:125%'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'>آمريكا : <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Badr"'>860<span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:125%;
font-family:"B Badr";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-ansi-font-weight:bold' lang='AR-SA'> ميليوم تن
در كشورهاي ايالات متحده آمريكا ، گوايانا ، جامائيكا ، هائتي و برزيل .