اصول طراحی هیدروسیکلون های جداکننده جامد ازمایع درآب وفاضلاب

توضیحات

اصول طراحی هیدروسیکلون های جداکننده جامد ازمایع درآب وفاضلاب
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پیشگفتار 1
مقدمه 2
فصل اول
اصول اندرکنش ذره – سیال <span style='mso-tab-count:
5'> 4
رفتارتعلیق ها 7
فصل دوم
جریان سیال وحرکت
ذره دریک هیدروسیکلون 9
توزیع سرعت ها
وفشارها 12
فصل سوم
انواع هیدروسیکلون
های موجود 19
تغییرات درطرح
اولیه 19
سیکلون های مخصوص
جدایش مایع ازمایع 28
انواع روزنه های
تخلیه 32
آرایش چند سیکلونی
35
فصل چهارم
نصب وعملیات
هیدروسیکلون ها 42
عملیات وکنترل
هیدروسیکلون 46
افت فشارودبی 47
افت فشاردرغلظت
های زیاد 49
تاثیرات کنترل ته
ریز 50
فصل پنجم
تاثیرات متغیرهای
طراحی 54
پرداخت درونی
،زبری دیوارها 55
تاثیرات
قطردیافراگم 57
تاثیرات روی ستون
هوا 60
فصل ششم
بازدهی جدایش 61
بازدهی ابعادی
کاهش یافته 63
فصل هفتم
انتخاب
هیدروسیکلون 65
بهینه سازی بین
شرایط عملیاتی وهزینه اقتصادی وبیان نظریه های موجود درمورد عوامل موثردرطراحی 79
منابع وماخذ 91
ضمائم
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<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
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FA' lang='FA'>گرايشي به هيدروسيكلون ها، مخصوصا در مهندسي شيمي و صنعت نفت ، به وجود آمده
است كه به چندين عامل بستگي دارد :
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آرايي در مهندسي شيمي و ديگر شاخه هاي مهندسي كسب شده است.
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FA' lang='FA'>توسعه ي روز افزون هيدروسيكلون و افزايش درك عمومي از آن ها موجب شده است كه
امروزه اين دستگاه ها بيشتر از آنچه كه چنـــدين
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UnhideWhenUsed='false' Name='Medium Grid 2 Accent 6'/>
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<w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='70' SemiHidden='false'
UnhideWhenUsed='false' Name='Dark List Accent 6'/>
<w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='71' SemiHidden='false'
UnhideWhenUsed='false' Name='Colorful Shading Accent 6'/>
<w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='72' SemiHidden='false'
UnhideWhenUsed='false' Name='Colorful List Accent 6'/>
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UnhideWhenUsed='false' Name='Colorful Grid Accent 6'/>
<w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='19' SemiHidden='false'
UnhideWhenUsed='false' QFormat='true' Name='Subtle Emphasis'/>
<w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='21' SemiHidden='false'
UnhideWhenUsed='false' QFormat='true' Name='Intense Emphasis'/>
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UnhideWhenUsed='false' QFormat='true' Name='Subtle Reference'/>
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UnhideWhenUsed='false' QFormat='true' Name='Intense Reference'/>
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UnhideWhenUsed='false' QFormat='true' Name='Book Title'/>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:'Table Normal';
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:'';
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';}
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Titr";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>مقدمه
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>اصول و طراحي اساسي هيدروسيكلون هاي رايج بيش از <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Badr";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>10<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> سال قدمت دارد. ولي بعد از جنگ جهاني دوم در صنعت
كاربرد قابل توجهي يافتند . اين دستگاه ها نخست، در كانه آرايي و معدن كاري مورد
استفاده قرار گرفتند ولي اخيرا در صنايع شيميايي ، پتروشيمي ، توليد برقف صنعت
نساجي ، صنعت فلز كاري و بسياري صنايع ديگر به خوبي پذيرفته شده اند و كاربرد آن
ها در حال گسترش است.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>موارد كاربرد هيدروسيكلون عبارتند از: تصفيه ي مايع ، تغليط گلاب ، شستشوي
جامدات ، گاز زدايي مايعات ، طبقه بندي جامدات يا سنگجوري با توجه به چگالي يا شكل
ذره.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>هيدروسيكلون يك جدا كننده يثابت بر مبناي جدايش گريز از مركز كه در بدنه ي
مخروطي ـ استوانه اي سيكلون توليد شده ، استواراست . جريان خوراك (باراوليه) كه
معمولا به طور مماسي وارد سيكلون شده به ته ريز<span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:FA'>[1]
و اكثر جامدات را حمل مي كند يا حداقل بخش دانه درشت تر كه هنوز در مقداري مايع
معلق مي باشند و سرريز<span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:FA'>[2]
كه اكثر مايع و بعضي از جامدات دانه ريز را داراست تقسيم بندي مي شود.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:130%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>قطر سيكلون هاي انفرادي بين <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA'>mm<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> 10-5/2<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> متغير است. حد جدايش اكثر جامدات بين <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA'>um<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> 250-2<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> متغير است . دبي (ظرفيت) واحدهاي انفرادي در بين<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA'> <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:
130%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA'> <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA'>m3h-1<span style='position:relative;
top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";
mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'>7200-1/0 مي
باشد . افت فشارهاي عملياتي بين <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:130%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA'>bar<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:130%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:FA' lang='FA'> 6-34/0 تغيير مي كند .
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%;tab-stops:10.3pt 19.3pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-language:
FA' lang='FA'>واحدهاي كوچك تر معمولا نسبت به واحدهاي بزرگ تر در فشار بالاتري عمل مــي
كنند. غلظت جامدات ته ريــز كه توسط هيدروسيكلون ها حاصل مــي شود بندرت از 50-45%
حجمي با توجه به اندازه و طراحي واحد، شرايط عملياتي و ماهيت جامداتي كه جدا شده
اند ، فزوني مي يابد.