فایل مزیت های ميكروكنترلر 8051

توضیحات

فایل مزیت های ميكروكنترلر 8051
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text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> در
سال 1981 شركت اينتل ميكروكنترلر 8 بيتي خود را با نام <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
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معرفي كرد كه داراي 128 بايت <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
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دو تايمر، يك درگاه سريال و 4 درگاه كه تماماً بر روي يك تراشه بود. <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
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آن در هر بار مي تواند فقط بر روي 8 بيت داده كار كند و داده هاي بزرگتر بايد به
قسمتهاي 8 بيتي شكسته شود.
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از اينكه اينتل اجازة ساخت و فروش 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> را با شرط حفظ
سازگاري كد با 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
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ديگر داد، 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
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مختلف در سرعت و مقدار <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:
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سازگاري كامل با 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> اصلي و
دستورالعملهاي مربوطه هنوز هم وجود دارد. يعني اگر برنامه اي براي يكي از <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
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اجرا كرد. صرفنظر از سازندة ميكروكنترلر <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
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Interrupt Sources 28bytes
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<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;text-indent:36.0pt;line-height:150%'><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout;position:
absolute;z-index:251656192;left:0px;margin-left:538px;margin-top:4px;
width:39px;height:12px'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>I/O Pins<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>32
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'>
ميكرو كنترلر8051<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> عضو اصلي خانوادة <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8051 <span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> است كه شركت ايتل از آن به عنوان MCS-51
ياد مي كند.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
اعضاي ديگر خانوادة 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>، 8052، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8031، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8751<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
و... مي باشد.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8051 <span style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:18.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> درون
8051
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus;mso-bidi-language:FA'>
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>
<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>در يك<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>CPU <span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> از ثباتها ، Register<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
به عنوان مكاني براي ذخيره سازي موقت اطلاعات مورد استفاده قرار مي گيرد. اكثر
ثباتهاي 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> ، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8 بيتي هستند.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> در
ثباتهاي 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> فقط داده <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>8 بيتي مي تواند قرار داد. در دياگرام زير يك
ثبات با 8 بيت خود به ترتيب از با ارزشترين D7<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
تا كم ارزشترين <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>D0 نشان داده شده است.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
<table class='MsoNormalTable' style='border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;border:none;
mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-border-insideh:.5pt solid windowtext;mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid windowtext' border='1' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0'>
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;
height:17.4pt'>
<td style='width:58.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='78'>
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:center;line-height:
150%' align='center'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D7
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D6
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D5
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D4
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D3
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D2
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D1
<td style='width:63.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:17.4pt' valign='top' width='84'>
<span dir='LTR' style='mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>D0
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>تعدادي از ثباتها كه بيشترين كاربرد را دارند
عبارتند از:
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> A<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
(انباشتگر) <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>B ، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>R0<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>، R1<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>،
<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>R2، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>R3، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>R4<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>، R5<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>،
<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>R6، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>R7، <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>DPTR<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> (شانگر داده) و PC<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> (<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>Program counter<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
شمارندة برنامه) كه همگي 8 بيتي اند به جزء DPTR<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
و <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:
Lotus'>PC .
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
ثبات <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>PC يا شمارندة برنامه به آدرس دستورالعمل بعدي
كه اجرا خواهد شد اشاره مي كند.
زماني كه <span dir='LTR' style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus'>CPU كه عملي را از برنامة موجود در ROM<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
واكشي مي كند شمارندة برنامه افزايش يافته و به دستورالعمل بعدي اشاره مي كند. اين
ثبات 16<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> بيتي است.
<p class='MsoNormal' dir='RTL' style='text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;
text-kashida:0%;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> به
هنگام روشن شدن ميكروكنترلر 8051<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> همگي از آدرس0000<span dir='LTR' style='font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-bidi-font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> شروع
به كار مي كنند. به عبارت ديگر هنگام روشن شدن PC<span style='font-size:16.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'>
مقدار 0000<span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:Lotus' lang='AR-SA'> را در خود خواهد
داشت.